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Advantageous solution for wireless personal area network using ultra-wideband technology (uwb) Part of the UWB revolution Author: May. 07, 2007 Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology has gone t hrough some revolutionary changes this year, including the legalization of the technology in the US for imaging systems, vehicular radar systems, and communications and measurement systems. The allocation of 7.5 GHz worth of new unlicensed spectrum that can be used for communications and measurement techniques, in part icular, has sparked a renewed interest in both re search and development of UWB technology in industry, universities, and government offices. However, a significant number of challenges remain for the technology to become ubiquitous. In this paper, a brief status of the UWB technology will be presented, including international regulatory and standards that are currently underway. Then, some recent results on UWB channel modeling efforts for the indoor multipath channel are presented, which are critical when designing a high-rate UWB implementation.

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Finally, the protocol used in UWB technology and its l ong list of applications. Also paper is concern about the disadvantages of this technology. Ultra-wideband technology is a wireless transmission scheme that occupies a bandwidth of more than 25% of a center frequency or more than 1.5 GHz. UWB technology can bring the mobility of wireless communications to high-speed interconnects in devices throughout the digital home and office. Designed for short-range, wireless personal area networks (WPA Ns), UWB is a technology that enables wireless connection of multiple devices for transmission of video, audio and other high-bandwidth data.UWB, short-range radio technology, complements other longer range radio technologies such as WiFi, W iMAX, and cellular wide area communications. Its use will be to relay data from a host device to other devices in the immediate area (up to 10 meters or 30 feet). A UWB transmitter works by sending billions of pulses across a very wide spectrum of frequencies several GHz in bandwidth.

The corresponding receiver then translates the pulses into data by listening to a familiar pulse sequence sent by the transmitter. Ultra Wideband (UWB) systems transmit signals across a much wider frequency than conventional systems and are usually very difficult to detect.

The amount of spectrum occupied by a UWB signal, i.e. The bandwidth of the UWB signal is at least 25% of the center f requency. Thus, UWB's combination of broader spectrum and lower power improves speed and reduces interference with other wireless spectra. A UWB signal centered at 2 GHz would have a minimum bandwidth of 500 MHz and the minimum bandwidth of a UWB signal centered at 4 GHz would be 1 GHz. The most common technique for generating a UWB signal is to transmit pulses with durations less than 1 nanosecond. A traditional UWB transmitter works by sending billions of pulses across a very wide spectrum of frequency several GHz in bandwidth.

The corresponding receiver then translates the pulses into data by listening for a familiar pulse sequence sent by the transmitter. Specifically, UWB is defined as any radio technology having a spectrum that occupies a bandwidth greater than 20 percent of the center frequency, or a bandwidth of at least 500 MHz.The MultiBand OFDM approach allows for good coexistence with narrowband systems such as 802.11a, adaptation to different regulatory environments, future scalability and backward compatibility. This design allows the technology to comply with local regulations by dynamically turning off sub bands and individual OFDM tones to comply with local rules of operation on allocated spectrum. With the formation of the MultiBand OFDM Alliance (MBOA) in June 2003, OFDM for each sub band was added to the initial multiband approach in order to develop the best technical solution for UWB. T o date, the MultiBand OFDM Alliance has more than 60 participants (and growing) that support a single technical proposal for UWB.In the MultiBand OFDM approach, the available spectrum of 7.5 GHz is divided into several 528-MHz bands. This allows the selective implementation of bands at certain frequency ranges while leaving other parts of the spectrum unused. The dynamic ability of the radio to operate in certain areas of the spectrum is important because it can adapt to regulatory constraints imposed by governments around the world.

The band plan for the MBOA propos al has five logical channels. Channel 1, which contains the first three bands, is mandatory for all UWB devices and radios. Multiple groups of bands enable multiple modes of operation for MultiBand OFDM devices. In the current MultiBand OFDM Alliance's proposal, bands 1-3 are used for Mode 1 devices (mandatory mode), while the other remaining channels (2-5) are optional.

There are up to four time-frequency codes per channel, thus allowing for a total of 20 piconets with the current MBOA prop osal. In addition, the proposal also allows flexibility to avoid channel 2 when and if U-NII (Unlicensed-National Information.

The information transmitted on each band is modulated using OFDM. OFDM distributes the data over a large number of carriers that are spaced apart at precise frequencies.

This spacing provides the orthogonality in this technique, which prevents the demodulators from seeing frequencies other than their own. The benefits of OFDM are high-spectral efficiency, resiliency to RF interference, and lower multipath distortion. By using OFDM modulation techniques coupled with multibanding, it becomes easier to collect multipath energy using a single RF chain and allows the receiver to deal with narrowband interference without having to sacrifice sub bands or data rate. These advantages relate to the ability to turn off individual tones and also easily recover damaged tones through the use of forward error-correction coding.

In this system Pulse position modulation is the modulation scheme used to distinguish the transmission of a digital '1' from a digital '0'. At the receiver the received signal is correlated with a template signal over the duration of pulse producing an output. This output is then compared to zero and from this it is determined whether a ‘ 0’ or a ‘1’ was transmitted.

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